1.李清照詩詞論文
昨夜雨疏風驟,濃睡不消殘酒,試問卷簾人,卻道海棠依舊。
知否,知否,應是綠肥紅瘦。【注釋】 綠肥:指枝葉茂盛。
紅瘦:謂花朵稀少。【評解】這首小詞委婉地表達了作者憐花惜花的心情,也流露了內心的苦悶。
詞中著意人物心理情緒的刻畫。以景襯情,委曲精工。
輕靈新巧而又凄婉含蓄。極盡傳神之妙。
【集評】黃蓼園《寥園詞選》:“一問極有情,答以‘依舊’,答得極淡。跌出‘知否’二句來,而‘綠肥紅瘦’,無限凄婉,卻又妙在含蓄,短幅中藏無數曲折,自是圣于詞者。”
胡云翼《宋詞選》:李清照在北宋顛覆之前的詞頗多飲酒、惜花之作,反映出她那種極其悠閑、風雅的生活情調。這首詞在寫作上以寥寥數語的對話,曲折地表達出主人公惜花的心情,寫得那么傳神。
“綠肥紅瘦”,用語簡煉,又很形象化。《唐宋詞百首詳解》:這首詞用寥寥數語,委婉地表達了女主人惜花的心情,委婉、活潑、平易、精煉,極盡傳神之妙。
2.李清照詩詞論文
昨夜雨疏風驟,
濃睡不消殘酒,
試問卷簾人,
卻道海棠依舊。
知否,
知否,
應是綠肥紅瘦。
【注釋】
綠肥:指枝葉茂盛。紅瘦:謂花朵稀少。
【評解】
這首小詞委婉地表達了作者憐花惜花的心情,也流露了內心的苦悶。詞中著意人物心理情緒的刻畫。以景襯情,委曲精工。輕靈新巧而又凄婉含蓄。極盡傳神之妙。
【集評】
黃蓼園《寥園詞選》:“一問極有情,答以‘依舊’,答得極淡。跌出‘知否’二句來,而‘綠肥紅瘦’,無限凄婉,卻又妙在含蓄,短幅中藏無數曲折,自是圣于詞者。”
胡云翼《宋詞選》:李清照在北宋顛覆之前的詞頗多飲酒、惜花之作,反映出她那種極其悠閑、風雅的生活情調。這首詞在寫作上以寥寥數語的對話,曲折地表達出主人公惜花的心情,寫得那么傳神。“綠肥紅瘦”,用語簡煉,又很形象化。
《唐宋詞百首詳解》:這首詞用寥寥數語,委婉地表達了女主人惜花的心情,委婉、活潑、平易、精煉,極盡傳神之妙。
3.有關李清照的論文
易安易安,何易而安,何安而易? 素月寄孤舟,只影隨水流,家園破,一盞殘酒。
酒淡怎敵晚風疾,梧桐雨,點點愁。 晚來獨登樓,恨字鎖眉頭,黃花瘦,雁聲斷秋,一溪落花漫汀洲,流離苦,幾時休?這樣的一首詞淋漓盡致的道出了易安的生活的艱辛。
不禁感慨:易安易安,何易而安,何安而易啊? 常記溪亭日暮,沉醉不知歸路。 興盡晚回舟,誤入藕花深處。
爭渡,爭渡,驚起一灘鷗鷺。這是怎樣的一種快樂呢?這就是易安初期生活的快樂寫照。
處于兩宋之交的她,在北宋滅亡之前,她享受著貴婦般的生活,幽情雅趣自不會少,于是一篇篇吟酒惜花之作便應運而生。那時候的她真的愁為何物。
直到十六歲嫁入趙家的那一刻,世人都為她祝福,祝福她可以繼續她的幸福生活。 起初的一切也正如世人所愿。
她與丈夫趙明誠幸福的生活著,她會夫唱婦隨。她會與明誠對酒當歌,明誠也與她品香茗而作詩,他們還會一起考究金石之道。
這是怎樣的一種幸福啊! 然而幸福終究還是短暫的,天不遂人愿,這短暫的幸福過后接踵而至的卻是國破之凄,喪夫之痛,南渡之苦這一連串的不幸! 尋尋覓覓,冷冷清清,凄凄慘慘戚戚。 乍暖還寒時候,最難將息。
三杯兩盞淡酒,怎敵他、晚來風急?雁過也,正傷心,卻是舊時相識。 滿地黃花堆積。
憔悴損,如今有誰堪摘?守著窗兒,獨自怎生得黑?梧桐更兼細雨,到黃昏、點點滴滴。這次第,怎一個、愁字了得!這也許是易安南渡以后另一種生活的真實寫照了。
于是在一個又一個梧桐夜雨之時,易安都無法安息。如今又是黃花再開之時了,可是明誠何在?滿地黃花堆積,憔悴損,如今有誰堪摘?她知道如果此刻明誠還在身邊的花,他一定會摘下最美麗的那一朵為自己戴上的……罷罷罷!明誠已去,不想也罷!憶起明誠,只會圖添自己的煩惱而已,空戀自傷情。
只是心中仍然忍不住在隱隱的痛著。抬頭間,無語問蒼天,卻只見大雁北歸。
不禁亡國之恨再起! 國破之凄,喪夫之痛,南渡之苦這一連串的打擊使她愁到了極致。即使不看她的《聲聲慢》,不算她的《醉花陰》,只看她的《鳳凰臺上憶吹簫》,也就可以看出此時的易安已經是愁到了何處!覺來不禁令人心痛! 古來萬事東流水。
原來一切不過落花流水春去也,天上人間。也許正是這滄桑世事才使易安頓悟了。
所以經歷了如此的尋尋覓覓冷冷清清凄凄慘慘戚戚之后,易安不再尋尋覓覓。而是在每一個東籬把酒黃昏后勤修《漱玉詞》,在冷香倪之時拷撰《金石錄》。
日日夜夜,月月年年。有志者事竟成,破釜沉舟百二秦觀終屬楚;苦心人,天不負,臥薪嘗膽三千越甲可吞吳。
終于,她成功了! 戰勝自己的愁苦的易安為世人留下了字字珠璣的漱玉詞與那難得的金石錄。她終于舍棄了自己的黃花之愁,而留下了一篇篇留傳千古的名詞佳作! 回眸易安的一生,易安易安,何易而安?又何安而易呢?!他曾經在歷史的黑夜中蹣跚的走過,而最終戰勝了自己的易安,終于走上了成功--成為了中國古代文壇上最光輝耀人的女詞人!終于成就了名垂青史的李清照! 易安易安,何易而安?何安而易呢?哦!易安啊,原來你是在以自身的行動來告訴我:只要戰勝自己就可以易而安之。
4.求有關研究李清照的外文文獻或研究古詩詞的外文文獻,還要翻譯成中
英文介紹是在國外的網站和中國對外的上找到的 中文翻譯是我自己人工翻的 (- -! 那個辛苦哇~~~) 你看看吧 外文文獻比較少的 我才找到2篇介紹她的呀 一般是把李清照和某個外國的詩人對比的評論 自己翻的好累的阿 給點分分吧 ~~~~~~(1) During the several thousand years of feudal society in China , women were invariably placed at the bottom of society, their talent and intelligence given no chance to develop. Throughout the ages, however, nearly a hundred remarkable women writers succeeded in breaking through the bounds of the feudal ethical code and winning their rightful place in the history of literature. Their artistic achievements were by no means inferior to those of their contemporary male counterparts. Among these illustrious women, Li Qingzhao, a poetess of the Song Dynasty, was the most outstanding and influential.Li Qingzhao was born of a famous literary man's family in Jinan, Shandong. In her childhood, she had received a good education and read extensively in ancient Chinese history and literature. Her husband Zhao Mingcheng was a brilliant Imperial University student who was deeply interested in classical scholarship and especially in epigraphy and archaeology. There is an interesting anecdote about their marriage. When Zhao Mingcheng was still a youngster, he had a dream one day while taking a nap. On waking up, he remembered only three of the lines in a book he had been reading in his dream: "Words will fall into place; hair grows profuse without a cap; stalemate shall be truncated. " Full of curiosity he told his father about it. The latter was overjoyed, saying, "It seems to me that you will soon have a talented woman for wife. " He then began to give his explanation. "Words falling into place is the process of composing a poem; a capless person who has long hair is a woman; and 'stalemate' truncated makes the word 'mate'. Doesn't that mean you are going to be a talented woman's mate?" Common interest and aspirations brought about a perfect marriage. Since they cherished the same ideals and were utterly devoted to each other, they were always seen together, sightseeing, composing poetry and exchanging ideas on the appreciation of literary works. On the other hand, they led a frugal life, and whatever money they could spare they spent on books, scrolls of art and curios, and made a systematic study of them.Connubial happiness made the two loath to part with each other. On the few occasions when Zhao Mingcheng had to be away from home on official business, Li Qingzhao would be pining at home for his early return. The best she could do was to commit her yearning and agonizing thoughts to paper by way of writing poetry. One of the ci poems composed to the tune of Ru-mengling runs as follows:My sleep last night was troubled by a violent storm outside,And when I work I still felt dizzy from the lingering effect of wine ; Anxiously I asked the maid who rolled up the bamboo curtains,To my surprise came her reply, "The flowers are all right. ""But that's impossible, and don't you know all would remain a scene,Of petals fallen and leaves of their company sorrowfully deprived!" This short poem of no more than six lines effectively describes through a short poetic dialogue the scene of a storm-swept garden in autumn. The description reflects the loneliness of a sad sensitive woman touched by the sight of fallen petals and reminded of the transience of youth. In the line "petals fallen and leaves of their company sorrowfully deprived," "petals" and "leaves" are personified and the dual images of a dismal scene in nature and a self-pitying woman are blended. Despite its sadness and sentimentality, the poem has won high admiration from posterity for its plain figurative language, natural but sophisticated description, and pregnant and profound artistic conception. "Petals fallen and leaves of their company sorrowfully deprived" has since become a famous oft-quoted line.Once on a Double Ninth Festival, Li Qingzhao sent a poem she had written to her husband who was then far away. After reading it, Zhao Mingcheng couldn't help admiring its superb artistry which he felt eclipsed his own compositions. Yet with the hope of doing better than his wife, he shut himself up for three whole days refusing to see anyone, and succeeded in composing over fifty poems.Then, mixing them up with those written by his wife, he took them to his friend for comments. His friend read the mixed lot over carefully several times and said, "Of all these poems, my opinion is that the following lines are the best:I have indeed been pining 。
5.關于李清照的論文
評李清照《詞論 摘要]李清照的《詞論》在中國詞學理論史上占有重要地位,其詞“別是一家”的主張,對后來詞創作理論產生深遠影響,也引起了歷代文學評論家的褒貶不一。
今天,我們在深化研究《詞論》的歷史作用時,必須用發展的觀點給以公正的評價。[關鍵詞]李清照;詞論;別是一家李清照是宋代一位著名的女詞人。
她在中國文學史上,尤其是在詞的創作領域內,占有重要的地位。她的作品留下的不多,至今輯存者僅有五十余首,但由于自己鮮明的藝術風格和卓越的藝術成就,而一直給人們留下很深刻的印象。
她的《詞論》全文不足七百字,立論鮮明,內涵豐富,充分體現了李清照的詞學觀,引起了歷代文學評論家的注意,并進行了深入的研究和探討。本文就李清照提出的詞“別是一家”的主張談談個人的理解和看法。
《詞論》強調,詞“別是一家”,她把當時的詞人分成兩類:一類是不知詞者;認為蘇軾等人雖“學際天人”,王安石等人“文章似西漢”,卻作不來詞。又說柳永“雖協音律”,而“詞語塵下”,張先、宋祁弟兄“雖時時有妙語,而破碎何足名家”,對這些人有肯定,有指責。
柳永詞能協律固然好,但詞中夾雜著庸俗、低下的缺點。張先、宋祁等人的詞雖有麗句,卻不夠完整、勻稱。
另一類是始能知詞者:如晏幾道、賀鑄、秦觀、黃庭堅等。對于這些人,雖然是懂得詞的人,但她仍有所不滿。
李清照認為晏殊有妙語,卻“苦無鋪敘”;秦觀詞雖有情致,但沉溺其中,顯得柔弱無氣度。正是由于少故實,賀鑄的缺憾也是如此;黃庭堅的詞一味崇尚故實,又顯得呆板,反而又成了疵病。
李清照提出自己的詞學審美標準,并將審美標準具體化,評價的具體全面,既有風格意境,又講究鋪敘用典等具體寫法,使學者便于研習。李清照用她對詞的審美標準,將她的前人、同輩等一些詞作大家進行毫不掩飾的評判,直指他們的不足之處,作為一個女子,在當時能有這種批判精神是難能可貴的。
李清照認為以詩為詞,以文為詞都不符合詞的藝術規律。忽略詞的特質,只能使詩詞文混淆,這不利于詞的發展。
要解決這個問題,必須知詞“別是一家”,將詞獨立出來。李清照不但將蘇詞,而且連歐、晏詞都視為“句讀不葺之詩”。
她主張寫詞要把握好詞的基本要素,即協音律、重典雅、尚故實、主情致、有鋪敘。這就不難看出,她對詞的要求非常講究,與詩的區別更為嚴格。
李清照詞“別是一家”論斷,從詞與音樂的角度,提出詞要合律,并提出詞要分五音、五聲、五律等等,以此來區分詞與詩,維護了詞的傳統風格,旨在說明詞的界限。的確,詞作為一種文藝形式,有著特殊性能和獨特形式,自有其合理的一面。
然而從詞的起源,我們不難發現,詞與詩有著千絲萬縷的聯系,某種意義上說,詩與詞是同源。我們知道,任何形式的文學作品都必須追求內容與形式的完美和統一,但是如果形式和內容發生矛盾時,形式束縛了內容的表達時,應該在形式服從內容的前提下設法解決。
蘇軾的詞正好在這一點上,適應了時代的要求,大膽地擺脫了一切傳統形式的束縛,所謂“無意不可入,無事不可言”,形成了他雄健豪放的詞風。這里,必須說明的是,蘇軾的詞并不是都不可歌,他的“明月幾時有,把酒問青天……”“,大江東去浪淘盡……”等等,都是可歌的。
這種在詞的創作上突破音樂束縛的新特征,可以說正是蘇軾的革新和創造。蘇軾在拓展詞的題材廣度時忽視了詞體自身的獨特性,對此,后人不能求全;同樣,李清照在強調詞的特性,捍衛詞體獨立的同時,對詞的廣度擴延未能顧及,我們也不能責備。
詩言志,詞緣情。我們應該承認詩與詞有不完全相同的體性和風格,但也應該承認詞與詩并非完全不相同的事實。
有不少專家認為,李清照的《詞論》是屬于保守派的詞學觀,詞“別是一家”提出后,影響了后代詞的發展和創新。我不認為是這樣,李清照的《詞論》是從內容和形式的兩個方面闡述的,一是從內容上說詞不同于詩,一是從寫作方法上說詞不同于詩,也就是說詞是合樂以供歌唱的文學,因此要“協音律”。
李清照提出的詞“別是一家”,并不完全是僅僅醉心于詞的形式,突出表現詞的諸要素,而是表明一種追求藝術的最高境界,是一種有所追求的規范。這種規范的追求當然是嚴格的,不是簡單就能做到的,就連李清照自己的詞也不能完全做到。
她的后期詞就有突破《詞論》的例子。比如《聲聲慢》中“這次第怎一個‘愁’字了得”,《永遇樂》中“不如向簾兒底下聽人笑語”等,就是“以尋常語度入音律”的,這就缺少用典、鋪敘。
至于李清照的《詞論》寫于她的早期還是晚期,研究家們說法不一,至于詞論對當時的影響有多大,本人學識才淺,研究的不夠,不敢妄加評論。但從南宋詞人辛棄疾的《稼軒長短句》看來,不但打破了詩詞的界限,并且拿詞賦、散文及書札、語錄等體裁來作詞,由其取精用宏,及能騰天躍淵,成為宋詞集大成的一家。
我想,這也是百花齊放吧。李清照的《詞論》是第一篇系統論詞的文章,在詞學理論史上占有重要地位,是詞學發展到一定階段,對詞的特性作進一步認識的必然產物。
《詞論》對后來詞創作。